Ni ibihe byambu nyamukuru byoherezwa muri Mexico?
Mexicon'Ubushinwa ni abafatanyabikorwa bakomeye mu bucuruzi, kandi abakiriya ba Mexico na bo bagize uruhare runini rwa Senghor Logistics 'Amerika y'Epfoabakiriya. Ni ubuhe byambu dusanzwe dutwara ibicuruzwa? Ni ibihe byambu nyamukuru muri Mexico? Nyamuneka komeza usome.
Muri rusange, muri Mexico hari ibyambu 3 byo kohereza dukunze kuvuga:
1. Icyambu cya Manzanillo
(1) Imiterere y'akarere n'ibihe by'ibanze
Icyambu cya Manzanillo giherereye i Manzanillo, Colima, ku nkombe ya pasifika ya Mexico. Ni kimwe mu byambu byinshi muri Mexico kandi ni kimwe mu byambu bikomeye muri Amerika y'Epfo.
Icyambu gifite ibikoresho bigezweho bya kijyambere, harimo ibikoresho byinshi bya kontineri, ibyuma byinshi hamwe n’amazi atwara imizigo. Icyambu gifite ahantu hanini h'amazi kandi umuyoboro ni muremure bihagije ku buryo wakira amato manini, nk'amato ya Panamax hamwe n'ubwato bwa kontineri nini cyane.
(2) Ubwoko bw'imizigo
Imizigo ya kontineri: Nicyo cyambu nyamukuru cyo gutumiza no kohereza ibicuruzwa muri Mexico, gikoresha ibicuruzwa byinshi biva muri Aziya no muri Amerika. Ni ihuriro rikomeye rihuza Mexico n’umuyoboro w’ubucuruzi ku isi, kandi amasosiyete menshi y’amahanga akoresha iki cyambu mu gutwara ibicuruzwa bitandukanye byakozwe nka electronics, imyenda, naimashini.
Imizigo myinshi: Ikora kandi ubucuruzi bwimizigo myinshi, nk'amabuye y'agaciro, ingano, n'ibindi. Kurugero, amabuye y'agaciro nk'amabuye y'umuringa ava mu bucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro yo muri Mexico rwagati yoherezwa mu mahanga ku cyambu cya Manzanillo.
Imizigo y'amazi: Ifite ibikoresho byo gutunganya imizigo y'amazi nka peteroli n'ibicuruzwa bivura imiti. Bimwe mu bicuruzwa bikomoka kuri peteroli ya Mexico byoherezwa muri iki cyambu, ndetse n’ibikoresho fatizo by’inganda zikomoka mu gihugu na byo bitumizwa mu mahanga.
(3) Kuborohereza kohereza
Icyambu cyahujwe neza n’imihanda yo mu gihugu imbere na gari ya moshi muri Mexico. Ibicuruzwa birashobora kujyanwa mu mijyi minini yo muri Mexico, nka Guadalajara n'Umujyi wa Mexico, binyuze mu mihanda minini. Gari ya moshi nayo ikoreshwa mugukusanya no gukwirakwiza ibicuruzwa, bitezimbere ibicuruzwa byicyambu.
Senghor Logistics ikunze kohereza ibicuruzwa mu Bushinwa ku cyambu cya Manzanillo, muri Mexico ku bakiriya, bikemura ibibazo byo kohereza abakiriya. Umwaka ushize,abakiriya bacuyaje kandi kuva muri Mexico kugera i Shenzhen, mu Bushinwa guhura natwe kugira ngo tuganire ku bibazo nko gutumiza no kohereza mu mahanga, ubwikorezi mpuzamahanga, n'ibiciro by'imizigo.
2. Icyambu cya Lazaro Cardenas
Icyambu cya Lazaro Cardenas ni ikindi cyambu gikomeye cya pasifika, kizwiho ubushobozi bw’amazi maremare hamwe n’ibikoresho bigezweho. Numuhuza wingenzi mubucuruzi hagati ya Mexico na Aziya, cyane cyane kubitumizwa no kohereza hanze ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, ibice byimodoka, nibicuruzwa byabaguzi.
Ibintu nyamukuru biranga:
-Ni kimwe mu byambu binini muri Mexico ukurikije akarere n'ubushobozi.
-Handuza TEU zirenga miliyoni 1 kumwaka.
-Ibikoresho hamwe nibikoresho bigezweho byo gutwara imizigo nibikoresho.
Icyambu cya Lazaro Cardenas nacyo cyambu Senghor Logistics ikunze gutwara ibice byimodoka muri Mexico.
3. Icyambu cya Veracruz
(1) Ahantu geografiya namakuru yibanze
Iherereye i Veracruz, muri Veracruz, ku nkombe z'ikigobe cya Mexico. Ni kimwe mu byambu bya kera muri Mexico.
Icyambu gifite ibyerekezo byinshi, birimo imiyoboro ya kontineri, imizigo rusange, hamwe n’amazi atwara imizigo. Nubwo ibikoresho byayo bisa nkibisanzwe kurwego runaka, biranavugururwa kugirango bikemure ibicuruzwa bigezweho.
(2) Ubwoko bw'imizigo
Imizigo rusange n'imizigo ya kontineri: ikora imizigo itandukanye, nk'ibikoresho byo kubaka, imashini n'ibikoresho, n'ibindi. Muri icyo gihe, ihora yongera ubushobozi bwayo bwo gutwara imizigo, kandi ni icyambu gikomeye cyo gutumiza no kohereza ibicuruzwa ku nkombe. y'Ikigobe cya Mexico. Ifite uruhare mu bucuruzi hagati ya Mexico n'Uburayi, uburasirazuba bwa Amerika n'utundi turere. Kurugero, imashini n’ibikoresho byo mu Burayi byo mu rwego rwo hejuru byinjizwa muri Mexico binyuze kuri iki cyambu.
Imizigo y’amazi n’ibikomoka ku buhinzi: Ni icyambu gikomeye cya peteroli n’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga muri Mexico. Ibikomoka kuri peteroli bya Mexico byoherezwa muri Amerika n'Uburayi binyuze kuri iki cyambu, kandi ibikomoka ku buhinzi nka kawa n'isukari nabyo byoherezwa mu mahanga.
(3) Kuborohereza kohereza
Ifitanye isano rya bugufi n’imihanda na gari ya moshi imbere muri Mexico, kandi irashobora gutwara ibicuruzwa mu bice bikuru by’abaguzi no mu nganda z’igihugu. Umuyoboro wacyo wo gutwara ufasha guteza imbere ihanahana ry’ubukungu hagati y’Ikigobe n’imbere mu gihugu.
Ibindi byambu byoherezwa:
1. Icyambu cya Altamira
Icyambu cya Altamira, giherereye muri leta ya Tamaulipas, ni icyambu gikomeye cy’inganda kabuhariwe mu gutwara imizigo myinshi, harimo ibikomoka kuri peteroli n’ibikomoka ku buhinzi. Iherereye hafi yinganda kandi igomba guhagarara kubakora no kohereza ibicuruzwa hanze.
Ibintu nyamukuru biranga:
-Twibande ku mizigo myinshi n’amazi, cyane cyane mu bucukuzi bwa peteroli.
-Gutunga ibikorwa remezo nibikoresho bigezweho byo gutwara neza imizigo.
-Wungukire ahantu hateganijwe hafi yinganda zikomeye.
2. Icyambu cya Progreso
Icyambu cya Progreso giherereye mu gace ka Yucatan, cyane cyane gikora ubukerarugendo n'uburobyi, ariko kandi gikora ubwikorezi bw'imizigo. Nicyo cyambu cyingenzi cyo gutumiza no kohereza mu mahanga ibikomoka ku buhinzi, cyane cyane umutungo ukungahaye mu buhinzi mu karere.
Ibintu nyamukuru biranga:
-Bibitse nk'irembo ryubwato butwara ubukerarugendo.
-Gutwara ibicuruzwa byinshi n'imizigo rusange, cyane cyane ibikomoka ku buhinzi.
-Bihujwe numuyoboro munini wumuhanda kugirango ukwirakwizwe neza.
3. Icyambu cya Ensenada
Icyambu cya Ensenada giherereye ku nkombe za pasifika hafi y’umupaka wa Amerika, kizwi cyane kubera uruhare mu gutwara imizigo n'ubukerarugendo. Nicyambu cyingenzi cyo gutumiza no kohereza ibicuruzwa hanze, cyane cyane muri Californiya.
Ibintu nyamukuru biranga:
-Koresha imizigo itandukanye, harimo imizigo irimo ibintu byinshi.
-Ahantu nyabagendwa hazwi, kuzamura ubukerarugendo bwaho.
-Kwegera umupaka wa Amerika byorohereza ubucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka.
Buri cyambu cyo muri Mexico gifite imbaraga zidasanzwe n'ibiranga ubwoko butandukanye bw'imizigo n'inganda. Mu gihe ubucuruzi hagati ya Mexico n'Ubushinwa bukomeje kwiyongera, ibyo byambu bizagira uruhare runini mu guhuza Mexico n'Ubushinwa. Ibigo bitwara ibicuruzwa, nkaCMA CGM, amasosiyete yubucuruzi, nibindi byabonye ubushobozi bwinzira za Mexico. Nkabatwara ibicuruzwa, tuzakomeza kandi kugendana nibihe kandi duhe abakiriya serivisi zuzuye zo gutanga ibikoresho mpuzamahanga.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-18-2024
